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MySQL 8.0 : SSL/TLS の設定2022/07/06

 
MySQL で SSL/TLS による暗号化通信の設定を有効にします。
[1]
事前に SSL/TLS を取得 または 自己署名の証明書を作成しておきます。
当例では自己署名の証明書で進めます。
[2] 作成した証明書をコピーして SSL/TLS の設定をします。
[root@www ~]#
mkdir /var/lib/mysql/pki

[root@www ~]#
cp /etc/pki/tls/certs/server.{crt,key} /var/lib/mysql/pki/

[root@www ~]#
chown -R mysql. /var/lib/mysql/pki
[root@www ~]#
vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf
# [mysqld] セクション内に追記

[mysqld]
ssl-cert=/var/lib/mysql/pki/server.crt
ssl-key=/var/lib/mysql/pki/server.key
[root@www ~]#
systemctl restart mysqld
# 設定確認

[root@www ~]#
mysql -u root -p

Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.28 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# 以下のように表示されれば OK
mysql> show variables like '%ssl%'; 
+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Variable_name                       | Value                         |
+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| admin_ssl_ca                        |                               |
| admin_ssl_capath                    |                               |
| admin_ssl_cert                      |                               |
| admin_ssl_cipher                    |                               |
| admin_ssl_crl                       |                               |
| admin_ssl_crlpath                   |                               |
| admin_ssl_key                       |                               |
| have_openssl                        | YES                           |
| have_ssl                            | YES                           |
| mysqlx_ssl_ca                       |                               |
| mysqlx_ssl_capath                   |                               |
| mysqlx_ssl_cert                     |                               |
| mysqlx_ssl_cipher                   |                               |
| mysqlx_ssl_crl                      |                               |
| mysqlx_ssl_crlpath                  |                               |
| mysqlx_ssl_key                      |                               |
| performance_schema_show_processlist | OFF                           |
| ssl_ca                              |                               |
| ssl_capath                          |                               |
| ssl_cert                            | /var/lib/mysql/pki/server.crt |
| ssl_cipher                          |                               |
| ssl_crl                             |                               |
| ssl_crlpath                         |                               |
| ssl_fips_mode                       | OFF                           |
| ssl_key                             | /var/lib/mysql/pki/server.key |
+-------------------------------------+-------------------------------+
25 rows in set (0.01 sec)
[3] SSL/TLS で接続する場合は [--ssl-mode] を指定して接続します。
[root@www ~]#
mysql -u root -p --ssl-mode=required --protocol=tcp

Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.28 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# 接続状況確認
mysql> show status like 'ssl_cipher'; 
+---------------+------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                  |
+---------------+------------------------+
| Ssl_cipher    | TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 |
+---------------+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit 
Bye

# 非暗号化通信の場合

[root@www ~]#
mysql -u root -p

Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.28 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# 値はブランク
mysql> show status like 'ssl_cipher'; 
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| Ssl_cipher    |       |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
[4] ユーザーに対して SSL/TLS アクセスを必須にする場合は、以下のように設定します。
[root@www ~]#
mysql -u root -p

Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.28 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

# SSL/TLS 必須ユーザーを新規作成
mysql> create user redhat identified by 'password' require ssl; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)

# SSL/TLS 必須ユーザーは ssl_type が ANY
mysql> select user,host,ssl_type from mysql.user; 
+------------------+-----------+----------+
| user             | host      | ssl_type |
+------------------+-----------+----------+
| cent             | %         |          |
| redhat           | %         | ANY      |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |          |
| mysql.session    | localhost |          |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |          |
| root             | localhost |          |
+------------------+-----------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 既存ユーザーを SSL/TLS 必須にする
mysql> alter user 'cent'@'%' require ssl; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> select user,host,ssl_type from mysql.user; 
+------------------+-----------+----------+
| user             | host      | ssl_type |
+------------------+-----------+----------+
| cent             | %         | ANY      |
| redhat           | %         | ANY      |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |          |
| mysql.session    | localhost |          |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |          |
| root             | localhost |          |
+------------------+-----------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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