Ubuntu 21.04
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MariaDB 10.5 : バックアップ2021/05/18

 
MariaDB のデータベースを バックアップ/リストア する際は付属のツールで実行可能です。
[1] バックアップツールをインストールします。
root@www:~#
apt -y install mariadb-backup
[2] バックアップを実行します。
例として、[/home/mariadb_backup] ディレクトリ配下にバックアップを取得します。
root@www:~#
mkdir /home/mariadb_backup

root@www:~#
mariabackup --backup --target-dir /home/mariadb_backup -u root

.....
.....
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52 >> log scanned up to (47740)
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52 Executing BACKUP STAGE END
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52 All tables unlocked
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52 Copying ib_buffer_pool to /home/mariadb_backup/ib_buffer_pool
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52         ...done
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52 Backup created in directory '/home/mariadb_backup/'
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52 Writing backup-my.cnf
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52         ...done
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52 Writing xtrabackup_info
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52         ...done
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52 Redo log (from LSN 47728 to 47740) was copied.
[00] 2021-05-18 03:46:52 completed OK!

root@www:~#
ll /home/mariadb_backup

total 12404
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root     4096 May 18 03:46 ./
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root     4096 May 18 03:46 ../
-rw-r----- 1 root root    73728 May 18 03:46 aria_log.00000001
-rw-r----- 1 root root       52 May 18 03:46 aria_log_control
-rw-r----- 1 root root      297 May 18 03:46 backup-my.cnf
-rw-r----- 1 root root      998 May 18 03:46 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r----- 1 root root 12582912 May 18 03:46 ibdata1
-rw-r----- 1 root root     2560 May 18 03:46 ib_logfile0
drwx------ 2 root root     4096 May 18 03:46 mysql/
drwx------ 2 root root     4096 May 18 03:46 performance_schema/
drwx------ 2 root root     4096 May 18 03:46 test_database/
-rw-r----- 1 root root       73 May 18 03:46 xtrabackup_checkpoints
-rw-r----- 1 root root      449 May 18 03:46 xtrabackup_info
[3] バックアップしたデータを、他ホスト上の MariaDB サーバーへリストアします。
事前にバックアップしたデータを [tar] でまとめるなり [rsync] でそのまま転送する等して、バックアップデータをリストア先サーバーに転送しておいてください。
# MariaDB を停止して既存データは削除

root@node01:~#
systemctl stop mariadb

root@node01:~#
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*
# 転送したバックアップデータ

root@node01:~#
ll mariadb_backup.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 412383 May 18 04:04 mariadb_backup.tar.gz
root@node01:~#
tar zxvf mariadb_backup.tar.gz

# リストア事前タスク実行 ([completed OK] であれば OK)

root@node01:~#
mariabackup --prepare --target-dir /root/mariadb_backup

mariabackup based on MariaDB server 10.5.10-MariaDB debian-linux-gnu (x86_64)
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 cd to /root/mariadb_backup/
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 open files limit requested 0, set to 1024
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 This target seems to be not prepared yet.
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 mariabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery:
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 innodb_data_home_dir = .
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 innodb_log_group_home_dir = .
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 Starting InnoDB instance for recovery.
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 mariabackup: Using 104857600 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter)
2021-05-18  4:11:21 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
2021-05-18  4:11:21 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.11
2021-05-18  4:11:21 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2021-05-18  4:11:21 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using crc32 + pclmulqdq instructions
2021-05-18  4:11:21 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2021-05-18  4:11:21 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 104857600, chunk size = 104857600
2021-05-18  4:11:21 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2021-05-18  4:11:21 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting crash recovery from checkpoint LSN=47728,47728
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 Last binlog file , position 0
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:21 completed OK!

# リストア実行

root@node01:~#
mariabackup --copy-back --target-dir /root/mariadb_backup

mariabackup based on MariaDB server 10.3.22-MariaDB debian-linux-gnu (x86_64)
mariabackup based on MariaDB server 10.5.10-MariaDB debian-linux-gnu (x86_64)
[01] 2021-05-18 04:11:36 Copying ibdata1 to /var/lib/mysql/ibdata1
[01] 2021-05-18 04:11:36         ...done
[01] 2021-05-18 04:11:36 Copying ./ib_buffer_pool to /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
[01] 2021-05-18 04:11:36         ...done
.....
.....
[01] 2021-05-18 04:11:36 Copying ./aria_log_control to /var/lib/mysql/aria_log_control
[01] 2021-05-18 04:11:36         ...done
[01] 2021-05-18 04:11:36 Copying ./xtrabackup_info to /var/lib/mysql/xtrabackup_info
[01] 2021-05-18 04:11:36         ...done
[00] 2021-05-18 04:11:37 completed OK!

root@node01:~#
chown -R mysql. /var/lib/mysql

root@node01:~#
systemctl start mariadb

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