KVM : Management Tools2018/11/06 |
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Install useful tools for virtual machine management.
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| [1] | Install required packages. |
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[root@dlp ~]# dnf -y install libguestfs-tools virt-top
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| [2] | Create a Virtual machine image. |
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# display available OS template [root@dlp ~]# virt-builder -l ..... ..... fedora-29 i686 Fedora 29 Server (i686) fedora-29 ppc64le Fedora 29 Server (ppc64le) fedora-29 x86_64 Fedora 29 Server ubuntu-16.04 x86_64 Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial) ubuntu-18.04 x86_64 Ubuntu 18.04 (bionic) # create an image of Fedora 29 [root@dlp ~]# virt-builder fedora-29 --format qcow2 --size 20G -o fedora29.qcow2 --root-password password
[ 4.1] Downloading: http://libguestfs.org/download/builder/fedora-29.xz
[ 5.3] Planning how to build this image
[ 5.3] Uncompressing
.....
.....
Output file: /var/kvm/images/fedora29.qcow2
Output size: 20.0G
Output format: qcow2
Total usable space: 19.3G
Free space: 18.2G (94%)
# to configure VM with the image above, run virt-install [root@dlp ~]# virt-install \
--name fedora-29 \ --ram 4096 \ --disk path=/var/kvm/images/fedora29.qcow2 \ --vcpus 2 \ --os-type linux \ --os-variant fedora29 \ --network bridge=br0 \ --graphics none \ --serial pty \ --console pty \ --boot hd \ --import |
| [3] | [ls] a directory in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-ls -l -d fedora29 /root total 28 dr-xr-x---. 2 root root 135 Nov 3 08:17 . dr-xr-xr-x. 17 root root 224 Nov 3 08:03 .. -rw-------. 1 root root 16 Nov 3 08:17 .bash_history -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 Jul 15 07:02 .bash_logout -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 Jul 15 07:02 .bash_profile -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 Jul 15 07:02 .bashrc -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 100 Jul 15 07:02 .cshrc -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129 Jul 15 07:02 .tcshrc -rw-------. 1 root root 1399 Nov 3 08:13 anaconda-ks.cfg ..... |
| [4] | [cat] a file in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-cat -d fedora29 /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt ..... |
| [5] | Edit a file in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-edit -d fedora29 /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Thu Dec 21 02:42:14 2017 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # /dev/mapper/fedora-root / xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=3efa9577-8c2c-45d3-8718-4ab4651392db /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/fedora-swap swap swap defaults 0 0 |
| [6] | Display disk usage in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-df -d fedora29 Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% fedora29:/dev/sda1 999320 128044 802464 13% fedora29:/dev/fedora/root 15718400 1426412 14291988 10% |
| [7] | Mount a disk for a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# guestmount -d fedora29 -i /media [root@dlp ~]# ll /media total 20 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Aug 3 08:32 bin -> usr/bin dr-xr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Dec 21 11:49 boot drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 21 11:42 dev drwxr-xr-x. 93 root root 8192 Dec 21 11:57 etc drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 20 Dec 21 11:51 home ... |
| [8] | Display the status of virtual machines. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-top
virt-top 10:24:32 - x86_64 6/6CPU 2593MHz 7983MB
2 domains, 1 active, 1 running, 0 sleeping, 0 paused, 1 inactive D:0 O:0 X:0
CPU: 0.0% Mem: 500 MB (500 MB by guests)
ID S RDRQ WRRQ RXBY TXBY %CPU %MEM TIME NAME
- (Win2k16)
- (fedora29)
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