MySQL 8.0 : SSL/TLS の設定2024/09/03 |
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MySQL で SSL/TLS による暗号化通信の設定を有効にします。 |
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| [1] | サーバー側は、デフォルトで自己署名の証明書が自動生成されて設定が適用されているため、特別な要件がない限りは、設定変更せずとも TLS 接続可能となっています。 |
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# mysqld が起動時に生成 root@dlp:~ # ls -l /var/db/mysql/*.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql uarch 1705 Sep 3 12:36 /var/db/mysql/ca-key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql uarch 1112 Sep 3 12:36 /var/db/mysql/ca.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql uarch 1112 Sep 3 12:36 /var/db/mysql/client-cert.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql uarch 1709 Sep 3 12:36 /var/db/mysql/client-key.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql uarch 1705 Sep 3 12:36 /var/db/mysql/private_key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql uarch 452 Sep 3 12:36 /var/db/mysql/public_key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql uarch 1112 Sep 3 12:36 /var/db/mysql/server-cert.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql uarch 1705 Sep 3 12:36 /var/db/mysql/server-key.pemroot@dlp:~ # mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 9 Server version: 8.0.36-2ubuntu3 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # SSL は有効な状態 root@localhost [(none)]> show variables like '%ssl%'; +-------------------------------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-------------------------------------+-----------------+ | admin_ssl_ca | | | admin_ssl_capath | | | admin_ssl_cert | | | admin_ssl_cipher | | | admin_ssl_crl | | | admin_ssl_crlpath | | | admin_ssl_key | | | have_openssl | YES | | have_ssl | YES | | mysqlx_ssl_ca | | | mysqlx_ssl_capath | | | mysqlx_ssl_cert | | | mysqlx_ssl_cipher | | | mysqlx_ssl_crl | | | mysqlx_ssl_crlpath | | | mysqlx_ssl_key | | | performance_schema_show_processlist | OFF | | ssl_ca | ca.pem | | ssl_capath | | | ssl_cert | server-cert.pem | | ssl_cipher | | | ssl_crl | | | ssl_crlpath | | | ssl_fips_mode | OFF | | ssl_key | server-key.pem | | ssl_session_cache_mode | ON | | ssl_session_cache_timeout | 300 | +-------------------------------------+-----------------+ 27 rows in set (0.00 sec) # mysqld が生成した証明書の有効期限は 10年 root@localhost [(none)]> show status like 'Ssl_server_not%'; +-----------------------+--------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------+--------------------------+ | Ssl_server_not_after | Sep 1 03:36:19 2034 GMT | | Ssl_server_not_before | Sep 3 03:36:19 2024 GMT | +-----------------------+--------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
| [2] | ユーザーに対して SSL/TLS アクセスを必須にする場合は、以下のように設定します。 |
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root@dlp:~ # mysql Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 10 Server version: 8.0.35 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # SSL/TLS 必須ユーザーを新規作成 root@localhost [(none)]> create user freebsd identified by 'password' require ssl; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) # SSL/TLS 必須ユーザーは ssl_type が ANY root@localhost [(none)]> select user,host,ssl_type,plugin from mysql.user; +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | ssl_type | plugin | +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ | freebsd | % | ANY | caching_sha2_password | | openbsd | % | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) # 既存ユーザーを SSL/TLS 必須にする root@localhost [(none)]> alter user 'openbsd'@'%' require ssl; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) root@localhost [(none)]> select user,host,ssl_type,plugin from mysql.user; +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | ssl_type | plugin | +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ | freebsd | % | ANY | caching_sha2_password | | openbsd | % | ANY | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | | caching_sha2_password | +------------------+-----------+----------+-----------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
| [3] | TCP 接続する場合は、SSL/TLS が自動で有効となります。 |
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root@dlp:~ # mysql -u freebsd -p --protocol=tcp Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 11 Server version: 8.0.35 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. # 接続状況確認 freebsd@localhost [(none)]> show status like 'ssl_cipher'; +---------------+------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+------------------------+ | Ssl_cipher | TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 | +---------------+------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) freebsd@localhost [(none)]> exit Bye |
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