MariaDB 11.8 : バックアップ2025/09/11 |
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MariaDB のデータベースを バックアップ/リストア する際は付属のツールで実行可能です。 |
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| [1] | バックアップツールをインストールします。 |
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root@www:~# apt -y install mariadb-backup
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| [2] | バックアップを実行します。 例として、[/home/mariadb_backup] ディレクトリ配下にバックアップを取得します。 |
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root@www:~# mkdir /home/mariadb_backup root@www:~# mariabackup --backup --target-dir /home/mariadb_backup -u root ..... ..... [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 Executing FLUSH NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG ENGINE LOGS... [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 Finishing BACKUP STAGE BLOCK_COMMIT [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 Starting BACKUP STAGE END [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 Executing BACKUP STAGE END [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 All tables unlocked [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 Backup created in directory '/home/mariadb_backup/' [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 Writing backup-my.cnf [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 ...done [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 Writing mariadb_backup_info [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 ...done [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 Redo log (from LSN 50602 to 50618) was copied. [00] 2025-09-11 08:47:29 completed OK!root@www:~# ll /home/mariadb_backup total 43472 -rw-r----- 1 root root 417792 Sep 11 08:47 aria_log.00000001 -rw-r----- 1 root root 52 Sep 11 08:47 aria_log_control -rw-r----- 1 root root 501 Sep 11 08:47 backup-my.cnf -rw-r----- 1 root root 12582912 Sep 11 08:47 ibdata1 -rw-r----- 1 root root 12304 Sep 11 08:47 ib_logfile0 -rw-r----- 1 root root 97 Sep 11 08:47 mariadb_backup_checkpoints -rw-r----- 1 root root 451 Sep 11 08:47 mariadb_backup_info drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Sep 11 08:47 mysql drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Sep 11 08:47 performance_schema drwx------ 2 root root 12288 Sep 11 08:47 sys drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Sep 11 08:47 test_database -rw-r----- 1 root root 10485760 Sep 11 08:47 undo001 -rw-r----- 1 root root 10485760 Sep 11 08:47 undo002 -rw-r----- 1 root root 10485760 Sep 11 08:47 undo003 |
| [3] | バックアップしたデータを、他ホスト上の MariaDB サーバーへリストアします。 事前にバックアップしたデータを [tar] でまとめるなり [rsync] でそのまま転送する等して、バックアップデータをリストア先サーバーに転送しておいてください。 |
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# MariaDB を停止して既存データは削除 root@node01:~# systemctl stop mariadb root@node01:~# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*
# 転送したバックアップデータ root@node01:~# ll mariadb_backup.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 debian debian 747395 Sep 11 08:50 mariadb_backup.tar.gz root@node01:~# tar zxvf mariadb_backup.tar.gz # リストア事前タスク実行 ([completed OK] であれば OK) root@node01:~# mariabackup --prepare --target-dir /root/mariadb_backup mariabackup based on MariaDB server 11.8.3-MariaDB debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 cd to /root/mariadb_backup/ [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 open files limit requested 0, set to 1024 [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 Loading encryption plugin from provider_bzip2=provider_bzip2;provider_lz4=provider_lz4;provider_lzma=provider_lzma;provider_lzo=provider_lzo;provider_snappy=provider_snappy [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 Loading encryption plugin [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 Encryption plugin parameter : '--plugin_load=provider_bzip2=provider_bzip2;provider_lz4=provider_lz4;provider_lzma=provider_lzma;provider_lzo=provider_lzo;provider_snappy=provider_snappy' [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 Encryption plugin parameter : '--innodb_encrypt_tables=OFF' [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 Encryption plugin parameter : '--prepare' [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 Encryption plugin parameter : '--target-dir' [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 Encryption plugin parameter : '/root/mariadb_backup' [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 This target seems to be not prepared yet. [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 mariabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration for recovery: [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 innodb_data_home_dir = . [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 innodb_log_group_home_dir = . [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 Starting InnoDB instance for recovery. [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 mariabackup: Using 100663296 bytes for buffer pool (set by --use-memory parameter) 2025-09-11 8:53:28 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.3.1 2025-09-11 8:53:28 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of transaction pools: 1 2025-09-11 8:53:28 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using AVX512 instructions 2025-09-11 8:53:28 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using io_uring 2025-09-11 8:53:28 0 [Note] InnoDB: innodb_buffer_pool_size_max=96m, innodb_buffer_pool_size=96m 2025-09-11 8:53:28 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2025-09-11 8:53:28 0 [Note] InnoDB: Memory-mapped log (block size=512 bytes) 2025-09-11 8:53:28 0 [Note] InnoDB: End of log at LSN=50618 2025-09-11 8:53:28 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffered log writes (block size=512 bytes) [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 Last binlog file , position 0 recovered pages: 0% 10% 27% 41% 61% 74% 100% (0.0 seconds); tables to flush: 1 0 (0.0 seconds); [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:28 completed OK! # リストア実行 root@node01:~# mariabackup --copy-back --target-dir /root/mariadb_backup ..... ..... [01] 2025-09-11 08:53:54 Copying ./test_database/db.opt to /var/lib/mysql/test_database/db.opt [01] 2025-09-11 08:53:54 ...done [01] 2025-09-11 08:53:54 Copying ./test_database/test_table.ibd to /var/lib/mysql/test_database/test_table.ibd [01] 2025-09-11 08:53:54 ...done [01] 2025-09-11 08:53:54 Copying ./test_database/test_table.frm to /var/lib/mysql/test_database/test_table.frm [01] 2025-09-11 08:53:54 ...done [01] 2025-09-11 08:53:54 Copying ./xtrabackup_binlog_pos_innodb to /var/lib/mysql/xtrabackup_binlog_pos_innodb [01] 2025-09-11 08:53:54 ...done [00] 2025-09-11 08:53:54 completed OK!root@node01:~# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql root@node01:~# systemctl start mariadb |
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