OpenStack Epoxy : インスタンスを起動する2025/05/21 |
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仮想マシンインスタンスを起動します。 |
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| [1] | Openstack 用の環境変数を設定した任意のユーザーでログインして、仮想マシンインスタンスを作成/起動します。 |
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# 利用可能な [flavor] 確認 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack flavor list +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | 1 | m1.tiny | 2048 | 10 | 0 | 1 | True | | 2 | m1.small | 4096 | 10 | 0 | 2 | True | | 3 | m1.medium | 8192 | 10 | 0 | 4 | True | | 4 | m1.large | 16384 | 10 | 0 | 8 | True | | 5 | m2.large | 16384 | 10 | 10 | 8 | True | +----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ # 利用可能なイメージ確認 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack image list +--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+ | 8bbf2495-d1b0-4c12-89d3-bf6ca71b2a2d | CentOS-Stream9 | active | +--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+ # 利用可能なネットワーク確認 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack network list +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Subnets | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+ | 394f7977-0481-4572-b673-f2fc99b683d0 | sharednet1 | 61e6bddb-4856-455f-8760-225ae99a8e1f | +--------------------------------------+------------+--------------------------------------+ # インスタンス用のセキュリティグループを作成 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group create secgroup01 +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | created_at | 2025-05-21T01:32:53Z | | description | secgroup01 | | id | 8ce2f416-7b9b-4493-a275-1b4ed93c9da5 | | name | secgroup01 | | project_id | 6cd379304e2447da8514a66bb6cdfda5 | | revision_number | 1 | | rules | created_at='2025-05-21T01:32:53Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv4'... | | | created_at='2025-05-21T01:32:53Z', direction='egress', ethertype='IPv6'... | | shared | False | | stateful | True | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2025-05-21T01:32:53Z | +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group list +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+ | ID | Name | Description | Project | Tags | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+ | 82973c6c-1439-48eb-bf28-68dcea0b49de | default | Default security group | 6cd379304e2447da8514a66bb6cdfda5 | [] | | 8ce2f416-7b9b-4493-a275-1b4ed93c9da5 | secgroup01 | secgroup01 | 6cd379304e2447da8514a66bb6cdfda5 | [] | +--------------------------------------+------------+------------------------+----------------------------------+------+ # インスタンス接続用の SSH キーペア作成 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ ssh-keygen -q -N "" Enter file in which to save the key (/home/cent/.ssh/id_rsa): # 公開鍵登録 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | created_at | None | | fingerprint | dc:a7:f4:79:31:05:34:2c:4a:1b:b3:b2:0c:d5:9f:9e | | id | mykey | | is_deleted | None | | name | mykey | | type | ssh | | user_id | b6e98dc2822541dd8c4571ac4ed54778 | +-------------+-------------------------------------------------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack keypair list +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+ | Name | Fingerprint | Type | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+ | mykey | dc:a7:f4:79:31:05:34:2c:4a:1b:b3:b2:0c:d5:9f:9e | ssh | +-------+-------------------------------------------------+------+
[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$
netID=$(openstack network list | grep sharednet1 | awk '{ print $2 }') # インスタンス作成/起動 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server create --flavor m1.small --image CentOS-Stream9 --security-group secgroup01 --nic net-id=$netID --key-name mykey CentOS-9
+-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL | | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hostname | centos-9 | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:kernel_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:launch_index | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:ramdisk_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:reservation_id | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:root_device_name | None | | OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:user_data | None | | OS-EXT-STS:power_state | N/A | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building | | OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None | | OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None | | accessIPv4 | None | | accessIPv6 | None | | addresses | N/A | | adminPass | KB5yDYgFZjzW | | config_drive | None | | created | 2025-05-21T01:38:03Z | | description | None | | flavor | description=, disk='10', ephemeral='0', , id='m1.sma... | | hostId | None | | host_status | None | | id | cb0b29ae-0b4d-49a7-9178-caff132586ea | | image | CentOS-Stream9 (8bbf2495-d1b0-4c12-89d3-bf6ca71b2a2d) | | key_name | mykey | | locked | None | | locked_reason | None | | name | CentOS-9 | | pinned_availability_zone | None | | progress | None | | project_id | 6cd379304e2447da8514a66bb6cdfda5 | | properties | None | | security_groups | name='8ce2f416-7b9b-4493-a275-1b4ed93c9da5' | | server_groups | None | | status | BUILD | | tags | | | trusted_image_certificates | None | | updated | 2025-05-21T01:38:03Z | | user_id | b6e98dc2822541dd8c4571ac4ed54778 | | volumes_attached | | +-------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ # 動作確認 (起動直後しばらくは [BUILD] ステータスとなっている) [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+----------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+----------+----------------+----------+ | cb0b29ae-0b4d-49a7-9178-caff132586ea | CentOS-9 | BUILD | | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+----------+----------------+----------+ # 正常に起動すると [ACTIVE] ステータスとなる [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | cb0b29ae-0b4d-49a7-9178-caff132586ea | CentOS-9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.232 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ |
| [2] | 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH 接続できるように、先に作成したセキュリティグループにポート許可の設定を追加します。 |
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# ICMP 許可 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group rule create --protocol icmp --ingress secgroup01 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | belongs_to_default_sg | False | | created_at | 2025-05-21T01:39:55Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | 7d9eb522-4c8a-4f6e-9304-06109d24eb72 | | name | None | | normalized_cidr | 0.0.0.0/0 | | port_range_max | None | | port_range_min | None | | project_id | 6cd379304e2447da8514a66bb6cdfda5 | | protocol | icmp | | remote_address_group_id | None | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | 8ce2f416-7b9b-4493-a275-1b4ed93c9da5 | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2025-05-21T01:39:55Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ # SSH 許可 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group rule create --protocol tcp --dst-port 22:22 secgroup01 +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | belongs_to_default_sg | False | | created_at | 2025-05-21T01:40:12Z | | description | | | direction | ingress | | ether_type | IPv4 | | id | c77f020e-0fd7-4551-a2b3-4f69353c04ac | | name | None | | normalized_cidr | 0.0.0.0/0 | | port_range_max | 22 | | port_range_min | 22 | | project_id | 6cd379304e2447da8514a66bb6cdfda5 | | protocol | tcp | | remote_address_group_id | None | | remote_group_id | None | | remote_ip_prefix | 0.0.0.0/0 | | revision_number | 0 | | security_group_id | 8ce2f416-7b9b-4493-a275-1b4ed93c9da5 | | tags | [] | | updated_at | 2025-05-21T01:40:12Z | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack security group rule list secgroup01 +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ | ID | IP Protocol | Ethertype | IP Range | Port Range | Direction | Remote Security Group | Remote Address Group | +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ | 02858970-79fd-4d08-bdb4-efc5469edc84 | None | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | | egress | None | None | | 7d9eb522-4c8a-4f6e-9304-06109d24eb72 | icmp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | | ingress | None | None | | c77f020e-0fd7-4551-a2b3-4f69353c04ac | tcp | IPv4 | 0.0.0.0/0 | 22:22 | ingress | None | None | | cfb3e7e4-c1a4-485b-ad63-b487c1303e3c | None | IPv6 | ::/0 | | egress | None | None | +--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------------------+----------------------+ |
| [3] | 起動した仮想マシンインスタンスに SSH ログインします。 |
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[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | cb0b29ae-0b4d-49a7-9178-caff132586ea | CentOS-9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.232 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ # ping 応答が返ってくれば OK [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ ping 10.0.0.232 -c3 PING 10.0.0.232 (10.0.0.232) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.0.232: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.912 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.232: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.579 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.0.232: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.292 ms --- 10.0.0.232 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2011ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.292/0.594/0.912/0.253 ms # SSH でログイン [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ ssh centos@10.0.0.232
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.232 (10.0.0.232)' can't be established. ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:+W+LkUCU4IwFd5vn0hfoh5tceVc5fQ2kodylrGfW/M4. This key is not known by any other names Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.232' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts. [centos@centos-9 ~]$ # ログインできた |
| [4] | 一旦作成して起動した仮想マシンインスタンスを停止/起動する場合は、以下のように [start/stop] コマンドで制御できます。 |
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[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | cb0b29ae-0b4d-49a7-9178-caff132586ea | CentOS-9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.232 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ # インスタンス停止 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server stop CentOS-9 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+---------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+---------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | cb0b29ae-0b4d-49a7-9178-caff132586ea | CentOS-9 | SHUTOFF | sharednet1=10.0.0.232 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+---------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ # インスタンスを起動する [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server start CentOS-9 [cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | Image | Flavor | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ | cb0b29ae-0b4d-49a7-9178-caff132586ea | CentOS-9 | ACTIVE | sharednet1=10.0.0.232 | CentOS-Stream9 | m1.small | +--------------------------------------+----------+--------+-----------------------+----------------+----------+ |
| [5] | VNC コンソールを取得して Web ブラウザーでのアクセスも可能です。 |
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[cent@dlp ~(keystone)]$ openstack console url show CentOS-9 +----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | protocol | vnc | | type | novnc | | url | https://dlp.srv.world:6080/vnc_auto.html?path=%3Ftoken%3D1db51126-5462-4cf7-bad4-6d1d742344db | +----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| [6] | 上記コマンドで表示された URL に Web アクセスすると、インスタンスに接続され、操作が可能となります。 |
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