Ubuntu 18.04
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KVM : Management tools2018/05/17

 
Install useful tools for virtual machine management.
[1] Install required packages.
root@dlp:~#
apt -y install libguestfs-tools virt-top
[2] Get official OS image and Create a Virtual Machine.
( If you'd like to do from OS installation, refer to here of [1] )
# display available OS template

root@dlp:~#
virt-builder -l

.....
.....
ubuntu-10.04             x86_64     Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid)
ubuntu-12.04             x86_64     Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise)
ubuntu-14.04             x86_64     Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty)
ubuntu-16.04             x86_64     Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial)
ubuntu-18.04             x86_64     Ubuntu 18.04 (bionic)
opensuse-13.1            x86_64     openSUSE 13.1
opensuse-13.2            x86_64     openSUSE 13.2
opensuse-42.1            x86_64     openSUSE Leap 42.1
opensuse-tumbleweed      x86_64     openSUSE Tumbleweed

# create an image of Ubuntu 18.04

root@dlp:~#
virt-builder ubuntu-18.04 --format qcow2 --size 20G -o ubuntu1804.qcow2 --root-password password

[   3.7] Downloading: http://libguestfs.org/download/builder/ubuntu-18.04.xz
[  74.0] Planning how to build this image
[  74.0] Uncompressing
.....
.....
                   Output file: ubuntu1804.qcow2
                   Output size: 20.0G
                 Output format: qcow2
            Total usable space: 19.6G
                    Free space: 18.1G (92%)

# to configure VM with the image above, run virt-install

root@dlp:~#
virt-install \
--name ubuntu-18.04 \
--ram 4096 \
--disk path=/var/kvm/images/ubuntu1804.qcow2 \
--vcpus 2 \
--os-type linux \
--os-variant ubuntu18.04 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--graphics none \
--serial pty \
--console pty \
--boot hd \
--noreboot \
--import
[3] [ls] a directory in a virtual machine.
root@dlp:~#
virt-ls -l -d ubuntu1804 /root

total 20
drwx------  2 0 0 4096 May  7 10:22 .
drwxr-xr-x 22 0 0 4096 May  7 10:15 ..
-rw-------  1 0 0  153 May  7 11:44 .bash_history
-rw-r--r--  1 0 0  570 Jan 31  2010 .bashrc
-rw-r--r--  1 0 0  140 Nov 19  2007 .profile
[4] [cat] a file in a virtual machine.
root@dlp:~#
virt-cat -d ubuntu1804 /etc/passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
...
...
[5] Edit a file in a virtual machine.
root@dlp:~#
virt-edit -d ubuntu1804 /etc/fstab


# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
/dev/mapper/debian--vg-root /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /boot was on /dev/vda1 during installation
UUID=82c9915f-4b67-46cc-ac63-c6dd4d7662d1 /boot           ext2    defaults        0       2
/dev/mapper/debian--vg-swap_1 none            swap    sw              0       0
[6] Display disk usage in a virtual machine.
root@dlp:~#
virt-df -d ubuntu1804

Filesystem                           1K-blocks       Used  Available  Use%
ubuntu1804:/dev/sda1                       240972      33211     195320   14%
ubuntu1804:/dev/debian-vg/root           29284444     958140   26815700    4%
[7] Mount a disk for a virtual machine.
root@dlp:~#
guestmount -d ubuntu1804 -i /mnt

root@dlp:~#
ll /mnt

total 89
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root  4096 May  7 19:19 bin
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root  1024 May  7 19:20 boot
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root  4096 May  7 19:13 dev
drwxr-xr-x 83 root root  4096 May  7 19:24 etc
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root  4096 May  7 19:20 home
...
...
[8] Display the status of virtual machines.
root@dlp:~#
virt-top

virt-top 21:58:43 - x86_64 4/4CPU 2801MHz 12158MB
3 domains, 1 active, 1 running, 0 sleeping, 0 paused, 2 inactive D:0 O:0 X:0
CPU: 0.0%  Mem: 4096 MB (4096 MB by guests)

   ID S RDRQ WRRQ RXBY TXBY %CPU %MEM    TIME   NAME
    6 R                      0.0  0.0   0:04.92 ubuntu1804
    -                                           (template)
    -                                           (win2k12R2)
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