Configure sudo2010/07/18

	Configure sudo to separate users' duty if some people share privileges.
[1]	Transfer root privilege to a user all

root@ubuntu:~#

visudo

# add at the bottom: user 'lucid' can use all root privilege

lucid

ALL=(ALL)

ALL

# how to write ⇒ destination host=(owner) command

# if quit visudo, push "Ctrl + x" key

# make sure with user 'lucid'

lucid@ubuntu:~$

/sbin/shutdown -r now

shutdown: Need to be root

# denied normally

lucid@ubuntu:~$

sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now

[sudo] password for lucid:

# own password

lucid@ubuntu:~$
Broadcast message from lucid
(/dev/pts/0) at 15:27 ...

The system is going down for reboot NOW!

# just executed

[2]	In addition to the setting [1], some commands are not allow

root@ubuntu:~#

visudo

# add aliase for the kind of shutdown commands

# Cmnd alias specification

Cmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN = /sbin/halt, /sbin/shutdown, \
/sbin/poweroff, /sbin/reboot, /sbin/init

# add ( commands in aliase 'SHUTDOWN' are not allowed )

lucid

ALL=(ALL)

ALL,

!SHUTDOWN

# make sure with user 'lucid'

lucid@ubuntu:~$

sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now

[sudo] password for lucid:
Sorry, user lucid is not allowed to execute '/sbin/shutdown -r now' as root on ubuntu.srv.world.

# denied

[3]	Transfer some commands with root privilege to users in a group

root@ubuntu:~#

visudo

# add aliase for the kind of user management comamnds

# Cmnd alias specification

Cmnd_Alias USERMGR = /usr/sbin/adduser, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/newusers, \
/usr/sbin/deluser, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/bin/passwd

# add at the bottom

%usermgr ALL=(ALL) USERMGR

root@ubuntu:~#

groupadd usermgr

root@ubuntu:~#

vi /etc/group

# add users in this group

usermgr:x:1002:

fedora

# make sure with user 'fedora'

fedora@ubuntu:~$

sudo /usr/sbin/useradd testuser

fedora@ubuntu:~$

# done normally

fedora@ubuntu:~$

sudo /usr/bin/passwd testuser

Enter new UNIX password:

# set testuser's password

Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: password updated successfully

[4]	Transfer a command with root provilege to a user

root@ubuntu:~#

visudo

# add at the bottom

fedora

ALL=(ALL) /usr/sbin/visudo

cent

ALL=(ALL) /usr/sbin/adduser, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/newusers, \

/usr/sbin/deluser, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/bin/passwd

suse

ALL=(ALL) /usr/bin/vim

# make sure with user 'fedora'

fedora@ubuntu:~$

sudo /usr/sbin/visudo

# possible to open and edit

## Sudoers allows particular users to run various commands as
## the root user, without needing the root password.
##

# make sure with user 'cent'

cent@ubuntu:~$

sudo /usr/sbin/userdel -r testuser

cent@ubuntu:~$

# done normally

# make sure with user 'suse'

suse@ubuntu:~$

sudo /usr/bin/vim /root/.profile

# possible to open and edit

# ~/.profile: executed by Bourne-compatible login shells.

[5]	The logs for sudo are kept in '/var/log/auth.log', but there are many kind of logs in it. So if you'd like to keep only sudo log in a file, Set like follows.

root@ubuntu:~#

visudo

# add at the bottom

Defaults syslog=local1

root@ubuntu:~#

vi /etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf

# line 8: add

local1.*

/var/log/sudo.log

auth,authpriv.*

/var/log/auth.log

*.*;auth,authpriv.none

-/var/log/syslog

root@ubuntu:~#

service rsyslog restart

rsyslog start/running, process 1384

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