KVM : Install VM Management Tools2020/11/03 |
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Install useful tools for virtual machine management.
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| [1] | Install required packages. |
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[root@dlp ~]# dnf -y install libguestfs-tools virt-top
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| [2] | Create a Virtual machine from officially provided images. |
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# display available OS template [root@dlp ~]# virt-builder -l fedora-29 aarch64 Fedora® 29 Server (aarch64) fedora-29 i686 Fedora® 29 Server (i686) fedora-29 ppc64le Fedora® 29 Server (ppc64le) fedora-29 x86_64 Fedora® 29 Server fedora-30 aarch64 Fedora® 30 Server (aarch64) fedora-30 i686 Fedora® 30 Server (i686) fedora-30 x86_64 Fedora® 30 Server fedora-31 x86_64 Fedora® 31 Server fedora-32 x86_64 Fedora® 32 Server fedora-33 x86_64 Fedora® 33 Server ..... ..... # create an image of fedora-33 [root@dlp ~]# virt-builder fedora-33 --format qcow2 --size 10G -o /var/kvm/images/fedora-33.qcow2 --root-password password
[ 3.7] Downloading: http://builder.libguestfs.org/fedora-31.xz
######################################################################## 100.0%
[ 193.5] Planning how to build this image
[ 193.5] Uncompressing
[ 199.0] Resizing (using virt-resize) to expand the disk to 10.0G
[ 242.4] Opening the new disk
[ 249.3] Setting a random seed
[ 249.4] Setting passwords
[ 250.9] Finishing off
Output file: /var/kvm/images/fedora-33.qcow2
Output size: 10.0G
Output format: qcow2
Total usable space: 9.4G
Free space: 8.1G (86%)
# to create a VM with the image above, run [virt-install] [root@dlp ~]# virt-install \
--name fedora-33 \ --ram 4096 \ --disk path=/var/kvm/images/fedora-33.qcow2 \ --vcpus 2 \ --os-type linux \ --os-variant fedora30 \ --network bridge=br0 \ --graphics none \ --serial pty \ --console pty \ --boot hd \ --import |
| [3] | [ls] a directory in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-ls -l -d fedora33 /root total 28 dr-xr-x---. 2 root root 135 Nov 3 05:54 . dr-xr-xr-x. 17 root root 224 Nov 3 05:48 .. -rw-------. 1 root root 16 Nov 3 05:54 .bash_history -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 Jul 29 21:34 .bash_logout -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 141 Jul 29 21:34 .bash_profile -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 429 Jul 29 21:34 .bashrc -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 100 Jul 29 21:34 .cshrc -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129 Jul 29 21:34 .tcshrc -rw-------. 1 root root 1257 Nov 3 05:52 anaconda-ks.cfg |
| [4] | [cat] a file in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-cat -d fedora33 /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin ..... ..... |
| [5] | Edit a file in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-edit -d fedora33 /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Tue Nov 3 05:47:58 2020 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'. # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info. # # After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd # units generated from this file. # /dev/mapper/fedora_fedora-root / xfs defaults 0 0 UUID=5ac6a6d6-9d50-4588-b5e6-65b80d8d97a4 /boot xfs defaults 0 0 |
| [6] | Display disk usage in a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-df -d fedora33 Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% fedora33:/dev/sda1 1038336 163000 875336 16% fedora33:/dev/fedora_fedora/root 15718400 1592824 14125576 11% |
| [7] | Mount a disk for a virtual machine. |
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[root@dlp ~]# guestmount -d fedora33 -i /media [root@dlp ~]# ll /media total 16 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Jul 28 03:22 bin -> usr/bin dr-xr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Nov 3 14:51 boot drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 3 14:47 dev drwxr-xr-x. 99 root root 8192 Nov 3 14:53 etc drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 20 Nov 3 14:51 home ..... ..... |
| [8] | Display the status of virtual machines. |
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[root@dlp ~]# virt-top virt-top 15:57:10 - x86_64 6/6CPU 2593MHz 11973MB 2 domains, 1 active, 1 running, 0 sleeping, 0 paused, 1 inactive D:0 O:0 X:0 CPU: 0.0% Mem: 1280 MB (1280 MB by guests) |
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