Initial Settings : Sudo Settings2019/05/06

	Configure Sudo to separate users' duty if some people share privileges. It's unnecessarry to install sudo manually because it is installed by default even if Minimal Install.
[1]	Transfer root privilege to a user all.

[root@dlp ~]#

visudo

# add to the end: user [fedora] can use all root privilege

fedora  ALL=(ALL)       ALL

# how to write ⇒ destination host=(owner) command

# verify with user [fedora]

[fedora@dlp ~]$

/bin/cat /etc/shadow

cat: /etc/shadow: Permission denied

# denied normally

[fedora@dlp ~]$

sudo /bin/cat /etc/shadow

Password:

# own password

tcpdump:!!:16973::::::
systemd-coredump:!!:16973::::::

# just executed

[2]	In addition to the setting [1], set that some commands are not allowed.

[root@dlp ~]#

visudo

# near line 49: add aliase for the kind of shutdown commands

Cmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN = /sbin/halt, /sbin/shutdown, \
/sbin/poweroff, /sbin/reboot, /sbin/init, /bin/systemctl

# add ( commands in aliase [SHUTDOWN] are not allowed )

fedora  ALL=(ALL)       ALL, !SHUTDOWN

# verify with user [fedora]

[fedora@dlp ~]$

sudo /sbin/shutdown -r now

Password:
Sorry, user fedora is not allowed to execute '/sbin/shutdown -r now' as root on dlp.srv.world.

# denied normally

[3]	Transfer some commands with root privilege to users in a group.

[root@dlp ~]#

visudo

# near line 51: add aliase for the kind of user management comamnds

Cmnd_Alias USERMGR = /sbin/useradd, /sbin/userdel, /sbin/usermod, \
/bin/passwd

# add to the end

%usermgr ALL=(ALL) USERMGR

[root@dlp ~]#

groupadd usermgr

[root@dlp ~]#

usermod -aG usermgr fedora

# verify with user [fedora]

[fedora@dlp ~]$

sudo /sbin/useradd testuser

[fedora@dlp ~]$

# run normally

[fedora@dlp ~]$

sudo /bin/passwd testuser

Changing password for user testuser.
New UNIX password:
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[4]	Transfer a command with root privilege to a user.

[root@dlp ~]#

visudo

# add at the end

fedora  ALL=(ALL)       /sbin/visudo
cent    ALL=(ALL)       /sbin/useradd, /sbin/userdel, /sbin/usermod, /bin/passwd
ubuntu  ALL=(ALL)       /bin/vi

# verify with user [fedora]

[fedora@dlp ~]$

sudo /sbin/visudo

# possible to open and edit

## Sudoers allows particular users to run various commands as
## the root user, without needing the root password.
##

# verify with user [cent]

[cent@dlp ~]$

sudo /sbin/userdel -r testuser

[cent@dlp ~]$

# done normally

# verify with user [ubuntu]

[ubuntu@dlp ~]$

sudo /bin/vi /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

# possible to open and edit

# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file
# NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that

[5]	The logs for sudo are kept in [/var/log/secure], but there are many kind of logs in it. If you'd like to keep only sudo's log in another file, Configure like follows.

[root@dlp ~]#

visudo

# add to the end

# for example, output logs to [local1] facility

Defaults syslog=local1

[root@dlp ~]#

vi /etc/rsyslog.conf

# line 46,47: add

*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none;local1.none   /var/log/messages
local1.*                /var/log/sudo.log

# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.*              /var/log/secure

[root@dlp ~]#

systemctl restart rsyslog

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