Configure RAID 12025/08/12 |
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Configure RAID 1 to add 2 new Disks on a computer. |
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| [1] | This example is based on the environment like follows. It shows to install new Disks [sdb] and [sdc] on this computer and configure RAID 1. |
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root@dlp:~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.6G 592K 1.6G 1% /run /dev/mapper/debian--vg-root 74G 913M 69G 2% / tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 1.0M 0 1.0M 0% /run/credentials/systemd-journald.service tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /tmp /dev/vda1 943M 74M 804M 9% /boot tmpfs 1.0M 0 1.0M 0% /run/credentials/getty@tty1.service tmpfs 1.0M 0 1.0M 0% /run/credentials/getty@ttyS0.service tmpfs 1.6G 4.0K 1.6G 1% /run/user/0 |
| [2] | Create a partition on new Disks and set RAID flag. |
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root@dlp:~#
root@dlp:~# apt -y install parted parted --script /dev/sdb "mklabel gpt" root@dlp:~# parted --script /dev/sdc "mklabel gpt" root@dlp:~# parted --script /dev/sdb "mkpart primary 0% 100%" root@dlp:~# parted --script /dev/sdc "mkpart primary 0% 100%" root@dlp:~# parted --script /dev/sdb "set 1 raid on" root@dlp:~# parted --script /dev/sdc "set 1 raid on"
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| [3] | Configure RAID 1. |
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root@dlp:~# mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=raid1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 To optimalize recovery speed, it is recommended to enable write-indent bitmap, do you want to enable it now? [y/N]? y mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and may not be suitable as a boot device. If you plan to store '/boot' on this device please ensure that your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use --metadata=0.90 Continue creating array [y/N]? y mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata mdadm: array /dev/md0 started. # show status root@dlp:~# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sdc1[1] sdb1[0]
83817472 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
[=>...................] resync = 7.4% (6222912/83817472) finish=6.4min speed=200739K/sec
bitmap: 1/1 pages [4KB], 65536KB chunk
unused devices: <none>
# status turns like follows if syncing finished # that's OK to configure RAID 1 root@dlp:~# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sdc1[1] sdb1[0]
83817472 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
bitmap: 1/1 pages [4KB], 65536KB chunk
unused devices: <none>
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| [4] | If a member Disk in RAID array would be failure, re-configure RAID 1 like follows after swapping new Disk. |
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# the status is like follows in failure root@dlp:~# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sdc1[1] sdb1[0]
83817472 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
bitmap: 1/1 pages [4KB], 65536KB chunk
unused devices: <none>
# after swapping new disk, re-configure like follows root@dlp:~# mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdc1
mdadm: added /dev/sdc1
root@dlp:~# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active raid1 sdc1[1] sdb1[0]
83817472 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
[====>................] resync = 24.9% (20902592/83817472) finish=7.4min speed=140632K/sec
bitmap: 1/1 pages [4KB], 65536KB chunk
unused devices: <none>
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| [5] | To use RAID partition, format with a filesystem and mount it on a directory as usual. |
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# for example, format with ext4 and mount on /mnt root@dlp:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0 root@dlp:~# mount /dev/md0 /mnt root@dlp:~# df -hT Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G 616K 1.6G 1% /run /dev/mapper/debian--vg-root ext4 74G 924M 69G 2% / tmpfs tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs tmpfs 1.0M 0 1.0M 0% /run/credentials/systemd-journald.service tmpfs tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /tmp /dev/vda1 ext4 943M 75M 804M 9% /boot tmpfs tmpfs 1.0M 0 1.0M 0% /run/credentials/getty@tty1.service tmpfs tmpfs 1.0M 0 1.0M 0% /run/credentials/getty@ttyS0.service tmpfs tmpfs 1.6G 4.0K 1.6G 1% /run/user/0 /dev/md0 ext4 79G 2.1M 75G 1% /mnt # to set in fstab # because the name of md*** sometimes changes when hardwares are changed, set it with UUID root@dlp:~# blkid | grep md /dev/md0: UUID="e1636b3e-b0be-44de-9d06-90dd9dd7e9b8" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"
root@dlp:~#
vi /etc/fstab # set with UUID
/dev/mapper/debian--vg-root / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot was on /dev/vda1 during installation
UUID=b1b9adb0-d4b8-4844-bd8c-fe6d55b0e87c /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/debian--vg-swap_1 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0
/dev/disk/by-uuid/e1636b3e-b0be-44de-9d06-90dd9dd7e9b8 /mnt ext4 defaults 0 0
# that's OK, even if the name of md*** are changed, it is mounted normally root@dlp:~# df -hT /mnt Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md127 ext4 79G 2.1M 75G 1% /mnt |
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