KVM : Management tools for VM2023/06/20 |
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Install useful tools for virtual machine management.
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| [1] | Install required packages. |
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root@dlp:~# apt -y install libguestfs-tools
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| [2] | Get official OS image and Create a Virtual Machine. ( If you'd like to create VM from OS installation, refer to here of [1] ) |
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# display available OS template root@dlp:~# virt-builder -l ..... ..... debian-6 x86_64 Debian 6 (Squeeze) debian-7 sparc64 Debian 7 (Wheezy) (sparc64) debian-7 x86_64 Debian 7 (wheezy) debian-8 x86_64 Debian 8 (jessie) debian-9 x86_64 Debian 9 (stretch) debian-10 x86_64 Debian 10 (buster) debian-11 x86_64 Debian 11 (bullseye) debian-12 x86_64 Debian 12 (bookworm) ..... ..... # create an image of Debian 12 root@dlp:~# virt-builder debian-12 --format qcow2 --size 10G -o /var/kvm/images/debian-12.qcow2 --root-password password:myrootpassword
[ 9.2] Downloading: http://builder.libguestfs.org/debian-12.xz
[ 67.6] Planning how to build this image
[ 67.6] Uncompressing
[ 71.0] Resizing (using virt-resize) to expand the disk to 10.0G
[ 90.1] Opening the new disk
[ 93.1] Setting a random seed
[ 93.2] Setting passwords
[ 93.8] Finishing off
Output file: /var/kvm/images/debian-12.qcow2
Output size: 10.0G
Output format: qcow2
Total usable space: 9.8G
Free space: 8.6G (87%)
# to configure VM with the image above, run virt-install
root@dlp:~# virt-install \
--name debian-12 \
--ram 4096 \
--disk path=/var/kvm/images/debian-12.qcow2 \
--vcpus 2 \
--os-variant debian11 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--graphics none \
--noautoconsole \
--boot hd \
--noreboot \
--import
Starting install...
Creating domain...
Domain creation completed.
You can restart your domain by running:
virsh --connect qemu:///system start debian-12
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| [3] | [ls] a directory in a virtual machine. |
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root@dlp:~# virt-ls -l -d debian12 /root total 24 drwx------ 3 0 0 4096 Jun 19 23:57 . drwxr-xr-x 18 0 0 4096 Jun 19 23:52 .. -rw------- 1 0 0 16 Jun 19 23:57 .bash_history -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 571 Apr 10 2021 .bashrc -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 161 Jul 9 2019 .profile drwx------ 2 0 0 4096 Jun 19 23:52 .ssh |
| [4] | [cat] a file in a virtual machine. |
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root@dlp:~# virt-cat -d debian12 /etc/passwd daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin ..... ..... |
| [5] | Edit a file in a virtual machine. |
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root@dlp:~# virt-edit -d debian12 /etc/fstab # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # systemd generates mount units based on this file, see systemd.mount(5). # Please run 'systemctl daemon-reload' after making changes here. # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> /dev/mapper/debian--vg-root / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /boot was on /dev/vda1 during installation UUID=8e8d5f88-16cd-473a-88de-1900abeff03c /boot ext2 defaults 0 2 /dev/mapper/debian--vg-swap_1 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 |
| [6] | Display disk usage in a virtual machine. |
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root@dlp:~# virt-df -d debian12 Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% debian12:/dev/sda1 465124 58923 381267 13% debian12:/dev/debian-vg/root 18982140 1010616 16981932 6% |
| [7] | Mount disk image of a virtual machine. |
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root@dlp:~# guestmount -d debian12 -i /mnt root@dlp:~# ll /mnt total 73 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Jun 19 18:51 bin -> usr/bin drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 Jun 19 18:55 boot drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jun 19 18:51 dev drwxr-xr-x 67 root root 4096 Jun 19 18:56 etc drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 19 18:55 home ..... ..... |
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