Debian 11 Bullseye
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FTP : Vsftpd Over SSL/TLS2021/09/14

 
Configure Vsftpd to use SSL/TLS.
[1] Create self-signed certificates.
However. if you use valid certificates like from Let's Encrypt or others, you don't need to create this one.
root@www:~#
cd /etc/ssl/private

root@www:/etc/ssl/private#
openssl req -x509 -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout vsftpd.pem -out vsftpd.pem -days 3650

Generating a RSA private key
.................+++++
........+++++
writing new private key to 'vsftpd.pem'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:JP   # country code
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Hiroshima       # State
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Hiroshima  # city
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:GTS  # company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Server World          # department
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:www.srv.world    # server's FQDN
Email Address []:root@srv.world        # admin's email

root@www:/etc/ssl/private#
chmod 600 vsftpd.pem

[2] Configure Vsftpd.
root@www:~#
vi /etc/vsftpd.conf
# line 149 : change like follows

rsa_cert_file=
/etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem

rsa_private_key_file=
/etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem

ssl_enable=
YES

ssl_ciphers=HIGH
ssl_tlsv1=YES
ssl_sslv2=NO
ssl_sslv3=NO
force_local_data_ssl=YES
force_local_logins_ssl=YES
root@www:~#
systemctl restart vsftpd

FTP Client : Debian
 
Configure FTP Client to use FTPS connection.
[3] Install FTP Client on Debian and configure like follows.
debian@client:~$
vi ~/.lftprc
# create new

set ftp:ssl-auth TLS
set ftp:ssl-force true
set ftp:ssl-protect-list yes
set ftp:ssl-protect-data yes
set ftp:ssl-protect-fxp yes
set ssl:verify-certificate no
debian@client:~$
lftp -u debian www.srv.world

Password:
lftp debian@www.srv.world:~>
FTP Client : Windows
[4] For example of FileZilla on Windows, Open [File] - [Site Manager].
[5] Input connection infomation like follows, and for encryption field, select [Require explicit FTP over TLS].
[6] User's Password is required. Input it.
[7] If you set self-signed certificate, following warning is shown, it's no problem. Go next.
[8] If settings are OK, it's possible to connect to FTP server with FTPS like follows.
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